Interconnection of language and culture in the World literature...

Аннотация

Abstract:
Background. The language, reflecting the originality of the people, the national
spirit, the national vision of the world, the national culture, represents the united
spiritual energy of the people, which is imprinted in certain sounds. The "national
spirit" is the driving force behind the development of the language. "Language is a
constantly renewed work of the spirit to make the articulated sound suitable for the
expression of thought." The concept of "internal form" is considered in connection
with the concept of "national spirit". The most important attribute of language,
Humboldt singles out the "linguistic internal form", which means the totality of the
laws of language reproduction, the laws according to which the spirit acts.
Methods. Language is recognized as a mediator between reality and
consciousness, since the world as an ―inexhaustible 'continuum of diversity'‖,
offering us an infinite number of classifications of these varieties, does not impose
any of them. Reality and its proposed classifications are reflected not directly in the
language, but in consciousness, which fixes this reflection in conventional signs.
Results. The interpretation of culture proposed by E. Sapir has a generalized
and comprehensive character. Culture "is aimed at encompassing in a single term
those general attitudes, views on life and specific manifestations of civilization that
allow a particular people to determine their place in the world."
Conclusion. Speaking about the relationship between language and culture, it
should be noted that the language viewed through the prism of culture is understood
as a part, element, side, phenomenon, component of culture or spiritual culture. One
way or another, language is defined as a component of culture. This approach is
contrasted with the opinion that language as a special social phenomenon is
associated with all aspects of people's social life. Linguists point out that language is
1) a means of expressing culture, 2) a material base for the creation of any cultural
values, 3) an instrument for the accumulation, storage and transmission of
information. In the context of the concept of national and cultural unity , it is
emphasized that there is no strict correspondence between culture and language,
which does not allow considering language as a part of culture. A separate approach
is associated with the consideration of language as a factor of cultural creativity.